Prolotherapy works by stimulating the body to make new fibres which are laid down within the substance of the ligaments, thickening and strengthening them. The solution is a 25% mixture of dextrose in local anaesthetic, and a small amount is injected into each end of the ligament, close to its attachment to the bone or into the joint. There have been many research studies that have concluded that Prolotherapy has a positive effect on symptoms for many different types of foot and knee problems. Three researchers, Professor Michael Yelland from Australia and Professors David Rabago and K. Dean Reeves from the USA, have produced some excellent studies published recently, including a randomised control trial for treatment of knee arthritis (2013). Also one on Achilles tendinosis (British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2009). Dr John Lyftogt has also published six level 4 studies in the Australasian Journal of Musculoskeletal Medicine since 2005.